DNP 825 Provide an overview of the health promotion theory and program evaluation model you will use in your DPI Project

 

The Health Belief Model is a theoretical model that can be used to guide health promotion and disease prevention programs. It is used to explain and predict individual changes in health behaviors. It is one of the most widely used models for understanding health behaviors. Wu et al. (2020), explains that the key elements of the Health Belief Model focus on individual beliefs about health conditions, which predict individual health-related behaviors. The model defines the key factors that influence health behaviors as an individual’s perceived threat to sickness or disease (perceived susceptibility), belief of consequence (perceived severity), potential positive benefits of action (perceived benefits), perceived barriers to action, exposure to factors that prompt action (cues to action), and confidence in ability to succeed.

The Health Belief Model can be used to design short- and long-term interventions. This will be very beneficial in my project. The five key action-related components that determine the ability of the Health Belief Model to identify key decision-making points that influence health behaviors are:

• Gathering information by conducting a health needs assessments and other efforts to determine who is at risk and the population(s) that should be targeted.
• Conveying the consequences of the health issues associated with risk behaviors in a clear and unambiguous fashion to understand perceived severity.
• Communicating to the target population the steps that are involved in taking the recommended action and highlighting the benefits to action.
• Providing assistance in identifying and reducing barriers to action.
• Demonstrating actions through skill development activities and providing support that enhances self-efficacy and the likelihood of successful behavior changes.

These actions represent key elements of the Health Belief Model and can be used to design or adapt health promotion or disease prevention programs. To ensure success with this model, it is important to identify “cues to action” that are meaningful and appropriate for the target population.

Anuar, Haryati & Shah, Shamsul Azhar & Abdul Gafor, Abdul Halim & Mahmood, Mohd & Ghazi, Hasanain. (2020). Usage of Health Belief Model (HBM) in Health Behavior: A Systematic Review. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences. 16. 201-209.

Wu, S., Feng, X., & Sun, X. (2020). Development and evaluation of the health belief model scale for exercise. International journal of nursing sciences, 7(Suppl 1), S23–S30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.006

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